The JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is a virtual machine that executes Java bytecode. It acts as an interpreter for Java compiled classes.
The JVM runs Java bytecode by interpreting it line by line. It handles memory management, garbage collection, and execution flow control.
Java bytecodes are compiled instructions that the JVM executes. They are stored in the .class files and executed by the VM.
Javac is the Java compiler that translates Java source code into bytecodes. It produces .class files which are then loaded by the JVM.
The JVM manages memory automatically through garbage collection. It prevents memory leaks by reclaiming memory when objects are no longer referenced.
The JVM handles exceptions during runtime. It provides a robust mechanism to catch and handle errors such as null pointer exceptions or arithmetic errors.
The JVM supports thread safety by allowing multiple threads to execute concurrently. It ensures correct behavior under concurrent execution.
The JVM optimizes performance by executing code efficiently, using Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation and caching techniques.
The JVM provides security features such as ClassLoader isolation and access control to protect applications from malicious code.